| T3816 |
Velutin
|
|
NF-κB
,
HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase
|
|
Velutin shows the strongest inhibitory effect in NF-κB activation and exhibits the greatest effects in blocking the degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB as well as in inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and JNK ... |
| TN1545 |
D-Tyrosine
|
|
Tyrosinase
|
|
D-Tyrosine, the D-isomer of tyrosine, acts as a negative regulator of melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, D-Tyrosine also inhibits biofilm formation and induces the self-dispersal of biofilm... |
| T5826 |
Eupalinolide A
|
|
HSP
|
|
Eupalinolide B is a natural product ,and demonstrates potent cytotoxicity against A-549, BGC-823, SMMC-7721, and HL-60 tumour cell lines. |
| T9135 |
Epirosmanol
|
|
Others
|
|
Epirosmanol is a diterpenoid containing a lactone moiety. Epirosmanol is a very weakly basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). |
| T7052 |
Gnetol
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
COX
,
HDAC
,
AChR
|
|
Gnetol competitivity inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (IC50: 1.3 uM). Gnetol has a strong inhibitory effect on murine tyrosinase activity. Gnetol significantly suppresses melanin biosynthesis in murine B16 melanoma cells. ... |
| TN6901 |
Methyl myristate
|
methyl tetradecanoate |
Others
|
|
Methyl myristate (methyl tetradecanoate) is a natural product. |
| T8244 |
Raspberry ketone glucoside
|
|
Others
|
|
Raspberry ketone glucoside is a natural product in raspberry fruit, has lasting effects for the inhibition of melanogenesis and various melanogenic factors after the degradation in the skin. |
| T1310 |
2-Thiouracil
|
Thiouracil,Deracil |
Thyroid hormone receptor(THR)
,
NO Synthase
|
|
2-Thiouracil (Deracil) is a thiolated uracil derivative that is a known anti-hyperthyroid agent. |
| T2P2810 |
Methyl Linoleate
|
Linoleic acid methyl ester,Telfairic Acid methyl ester |
Antioxidant
|
|
Methyl Linoleate (Telfairic Acid methyl ester) linoleate has antioxidant activity. |
| T2819 |
Methyl p-coumarate
|
Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate |
Others
,
Antifungal
|
|
"Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate is an esterified derivative of p-coumaric acid isolated from the flowers of Trixis michuacana var. longifolia, exhibiting antibacterial and anti-melanogenesis properties." |
| T5985 |
Glycolic acid
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
Endogenous Metabolite
|
|
Glycolic acid is an inhibitor of tyrosinase, suppressing melanin formation,and used in skincare products |
| TN3231 |
Pratol
|
7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone |
Others
|
|
Pratol (7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone) significantly increased melanin content and tyrosinase activity in the cells without being cytotoxic. |
| T0689 |
D-Phenylalanine
|
|
Endogenous Metabolite
,
Monocarboxylate transporter
|
|
D-Phenylalanine, a necessary aromatic amino acid, is a precursor of thyroxine, dopamine, melanin, and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). |
| T0759 |
Monobenzone
|
Benoquin |
Tyrosinase
|
|
Monobenzone (Benoquin) is a Depigmenting Agent. The mechanism of action of monobenzone is as a Melanin Synthesis Inhibitor. The physiologic effect of monobenzone is by means of Depigmenting Activity. |
| T3676 |
Sesamol
|
1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol,3,4-Methylenedioxyphenol |
Apoptosis
,
AMPK
|
|
Sesamol (1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol) could decrease lung inflammation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in rats. Sesamol ameliorates inflammatory and oxidative damage by upregulating AMPK activation and Nrf2 sig... |
| T5755 |
Aloesin
|
|
Tyrosinase
|
|
Aloesin is a C-glycosylated chromone compound found in aloe (Liliaceae) that inhibits tyrosinase (IC50 = 0.9 mM), an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the first step of the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. |
| T5889 |
Kojic acid
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
Parasite
|
|
Kojic acid is a fungal metabolite that inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin synthesis, with an IC50 value of 30.6 μM for mushroom tyrosinase. |
| T19924 |
Rhododendrol
|
Betuligenol,Frambinol |
Others
|
|
Rhododendrol (Frambinol) is a melanin synthesis and acts by preventing high-fat diet-induced elevation in body weight and increasing lipolysis in white adipocytes in male mice. Rhododendrol can be used as the lightening/... |
| T10164 |
5,6-Dihydroxyindole
|
Dopamine lutine |
Endogenous Metabolite
|
|
5,6-Dihydroxyindole (Dopamine lutine) is a melanin precursor and has a broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic activity. It has cytotoxic effects and is strongly toxic against various pathogens... |
| T0473 |
Arbutin
|
Uva,p-Arbutin,p-Arbutin,β-Arbutin |
Tyrosinase
|
|
Arbutin (p-Arbutin)(β-Arbutin) is a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant in the genus Arctostaphylos and can inhibit tyrosinase and thus prevent the formation of melanin. |
| TN2296 |
Vinaginsenoside R4
|
|
Others
|
|
Vinaginsenoside R4 was isolated from the leaves of hydroponically grown ginseng. It inhibits melanin biosynthesis and enhances pigmentation in zebrafish without any cytotoxic effects on melan-a cells. It may have potenti... |
| TN6972 |
Methyl pentadecanoate
|
|
Others
|
|
Methyl pentadecanoate is a natural product. |
| T3S0645 |
N-trans-Feruloyltyramine
|
Feruloyltyramine,N-Feruloyltyramine,Moupinamide |
Others
,
COX
|
|
1. N-trans-Feruloyltyramine (Feruloyltyramine)(NTF) has hepatoprotective effect. 2. NTF has antioxidative activity against Aβ(1-42)-induced neuronal death. 3. NTF is likely to inhibit COX enzymes, thereby suppressing P-s... |
| T4S0998 |
Trifolirhizin
|
|
TNF
,
Tyrosinase
|
|
Trifolirhizin exerts varying degrees of inhibition on tyrosinase-dependent melanin biosynthesis, and therefore, are candidates as skin-whitening agents.Trifolirhizin possesses potential anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer ... |
| TCS2070 |
Homogentisic acid
|
2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,Homogentisinic Acid,Melanic acid |
Antioxidant
,
Endogenous Metabolite
|
|
1. Homogentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) shows interesting antioxidant and antiradical activities, and protective effect against thermal-cholesterol degradation, comparable to those of well known antioxidant... |
| T5S1177 |
Aloin B
|
Isobarbaloin |
Others
|
|
Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) is an isomer of aloin.1. The extract of A. vera and its active ingredient aloin cause melanin aggregation leading to skin lightening via alpha adrenergic receptor stimulation, the result opens new ... |
| T3606 |
γ-Oryzanol
|
Gamma-Oryzanol,Oliver,Gammariza |
DNA Methyltransferase
|
|
γ-Oryzanol (Gamma-Oryzanol) is a natural nutrient extract isolated from rice bran oil that contains a mixture of sterols and ferulic acids, which may aid in the destruction of free radicals in the skin. It has recently b... |
| TN2601 |
12-O-Methylcarnosic acid
|
|
Reductase
|
|
12-O-Methylcarnosic acid is a diterpene carnosic acid isolated from Salvia microphylla, is an active constituent of 5α-Reductase inhibition with an IC50 value of 61.7 μM. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid has Antioxidant activity... |
| TN4085 |
Fupenzic acid
|
|
Others
|
|
Fupenzic acid shows a significant decrease in intracellular melanin content in B16-F10 cells, and in culture media melanin. |
| TN4329 |
Isosaxalin
|
|
Others
|
|
Isosaxalin, heraclenin and heraclenol 3'-Me ether have melanin biosynthesis inhibitory activities. |
| TN1320 |
6-O-Caffeoylarbutin
|
|
Others
|
|
6'-O-caffeoylarbutin may serve as a skin-whitening ingredient with the merits of potent melanin inhibition,less toxicity and reversible melanin synthesis after stopping use. |
| TN4642 |
Neorauflavane
|
|
Tyrosinase
|
|
Neorauflavane shows tyrosinase inhibition, it can inhibit tyrosinase monophenolase activity with an IC50 of 30 nM, it also can efficiently reduce melanin content in B16 melanoma cells with 12.95 uM of IC50. |
| TN2792 |
2-Oxopomolic acid
|
|
|
|
2-Oxopomolic acid shows cytotoxic activity, it shows a significant decrease in intracellular melanin content in B16-F10 cells, and in culture media melanin. 2-Oxopomolic acid shows radical-scavenging activities similar t... |
| T13762 |
Luteolin 7-sulfate
|
|
Others
|
|
Luteolin 7-sulfate, derived from the marine plant Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, suppresses TYR gene expression by intervening in a signaling pathway involving the cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and micro... |
| TN3644 |
Chlorophorin
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
Antifection
|
|
Chlorophorin shows high anti-protozoal activity with an MIC of 0.25 microg/ml. Chlorophorin can strongly inhibit mushroom tyrosinase activity with IC50 values of 2.5 ± 0.408 uM; it inhibits α-melanocyte-stimulating hormo... |
| TN3003 |
4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-buten-1-ol
|
|
ERK
,
p38 MAPK
|
|
(E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol may promote melanin synthesis via USF1 dependent fashion and could be used as a clinical therapeutic agent against hypopigmentation-associated diseases. |
| TMA0003 |
Trans-caffeic acid
|
|
cAMP
,
Tyrosinase
|
|
Trans-caffeic acid stearyl ester is posited to inhibit melanogenesis signaling while suppressing cAMP levels and, subsequently, MC1R, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-2 and TRP-1 down-regulation, resulting in the suppression of tyr... |
| TN3009 |
4',5,7-Trihydroxy-6-prenylflavone
|
|
Others
|
|
6-Prenylapigenin(4',5,7-Trihydroxy-6-prenylflavone) shows potent inhibitory activity on melanin formation, it may be potential sources for skin whitening agents. It also shows moderate cytotoxicities against breast cance... |
| TN5477 |
GB-2a
|
|
|
|
GB 2a shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it can prevent the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. GB 2a biflavonoid can promote inhibition on tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells, ... |
| T20612 |
4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorophthalide
|
KF 32,KF32,Rabcide,KF-32,Fthalide |
|
|
Phthalide is the simplest chain of conductive polymer thin film. It is also an agricultural chemical which is used as a bactericide, fungicide, and wood preservative. |
| TN4699 |
Ohchinin
|
|
Others
|
|
Ohchinin exhibits potent inhibitory activities with 26 - 66% reduction of melanin content at 100 μm concentration with almost no or low toxicity to the B16 melanoma cells (70 - 99% cell viability at 100 μm). |
| TN1840 |
Kurarinol
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
HBV
,
STAT
|
|
Kurarinol is a potent inhibitor of sortase A, with an IC50 value of 107.7 ± 6.6 μM. Kurarinol has extremely strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity, exerts varying degrees of inhibition on tyrosinase-dependent melanin bios... |
| TN2280 |
Trametenolic acid
|
|
Tyrosinase
|
|
Trametenolic acid is a cytotoxic agent.It exhibits a mode of mixed inhibition with a K I of 0.9μM, K IS of 0.5μM, and an IC50 of 7.25μM.Trametenolic acid and Betulin as a new candidate of potent tyrosinase inhibitors, ca... |
| TN3882 |
Dodoviscin A
|
|
cAMP
,
Tyrosinase
,
transporter
|
|
Dodoviscin A may be a new promising pigmentation-altering agent for cosmetic and therapeutic applications, it can inhibit melanin biosynthesis induced by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and PD98059.Dodoviscin A can promote a... |
| TN1958 |
Mulberroside F
|
|
Tyrosinase
|
|
Mulberroside F shows inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity and on the melanin formation of melan-a cells, it also exhibits superoxide scavenging activity that is involved in the protection against auto-oxidation, sug... |
| T75506 |
6-Acetylnimbandiol
|
|
|
|
6-Acetylnimbandiol (6-O-Acetylnimbandiol), a non-cytotoxic tyrosinase inhibitor (IC 50 = 69.85 μM), effectively inhibits melanin production and MITF expression, making it valuable for melanoma research [1]. |
| TN1407 |
Artocarpin
|
|
Antibiotic
|
|
Artocarpin is a flavonoid isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus with bactericidal activity, inhibiting multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. Artocarpin inhibits melanin biosynthesis... |
| T75554 |
6-O-Isobutyrylbritannilactone
|
|
|
|
6-O-Isobutyrylbritannilactone, a sesquiterpene natural melanogenesis inhibitor, can be extracted from Inula britannica flowers. It effectively suppresses IBMX-induced melanin production in B16F10 cells and exerts antimel... |
| T83344 |
3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl(1→2)-[a-Lrhamnopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl 28-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside
|
|
|
|
3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl 28-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside is a saponin compound extracted from Polaskia chichipe Backbg. It demonstrates an 84.2% inhibitory activity on melani... |
| TN3753 |
Dalbergioidin
|
|
Tyrosinase
,
ROS
,
Akt
,
PI3K
,
TGF-beta/Smad
|
|
Dalbergioidin exhibits tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 20 mM. It shows a melanin biosynthesis inhibition zone in the culture plate of Streptomyces bikiniensis that has commonly been used as an indicator or... |
